* * * * * * * * * G E N     D O B R Y ! * * * * * * * * *

Volume IV, No. 2. 28 February 2003.
Copyright (c) 2002, PolishRoots(R), Inc.
Editor: William F. "Fred" Hoffman, E-mail: WFHoffman@prodigy.net

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CONTENTS

   Welcome
   Sites I Use Every Day (Well, Almost)
   Letters to the Editor
   Translations at Reasonable Prices
   Online List of Old Polish Periodicals
   Upcoming Events
   More Useful Web Addresses
   You May Reprint Articles...

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*** WELCOME! ***

to the latest issue of GEN DOBRY!, the e-zine of PolishRoots(R). If you missed previous issues, you can find them at

   http://polishroots.org/gendobry/gendobry_index.htm.

Don't forget to visit PolishRoots.org, the sponsor of _Gen Dobry!_, and take advantage of the many resources offered there. Also, if you'd be willing to lend a hand with work on projects that will help PolishRoots(R) -- and maybe do you some good, too! -- take a moment to visit this page:

   http://polishroots.org/projects.htm

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*** SITES I USE EVERY DAY (WELL, ALMOST) ***

by Fred Hoffman <WFHoffman@prodigy.net>

Life’s incomprehensible. A number of odd twists and turns have caused my life to go in directions that would have flabbergasted me 20 years ago ("I’m going to be doing WHAT????").

One result is that most days I spend at least an hour searching the Internet for info on aspects of life in Eastern Europe. I won’t lie to you and pretend I never just waste time on nonsense of no practical use (like the hours I spent recently tracking down a copy of a song I hadn’t heard in 40 years, "The Martian Hop" by the Ran-dells). But I really do spend most of my time trying to find material I can use in my work -- if you define "work" broadly enough ;-).

When I answer questions folks ask me, they often write back and ask in utter bewilderment, "How on earth did you find this information?" So I thought I might share with you some of the sources I use: a list of Websites I visit every day, or at least often. You probably already know about many of them -- I've mentioned many of them before. Still, if just one or two of these proves interesting or useful, I may save you a little time and trouble. That's not a bad day's work!

* THE ABSOLUTE FUNDAMENTALS *

First let me go off topic and mention two sites I think every user of the Internet should be required to visit frequently. One is the search engine Google, http://www.google.com. There are other search engines that may be better for finding this or that; but for all-around attempts to find useful info, Google is pretty darned good. And I feel like screaming when I see folks waste space on a mailing list asking "Gee, duh, what is _?" when all they have to do is go to the Google site and ask the same question there. There are no stupid questions -- but there are questions it's stupid to waste others' time with, when you can easily answer them for yourself.

Also, genealogists should always "Google" their surnames occasionally, especially names that are a bit rare. If no good matches come up, no harm done; if too many come up, no harm done. But it's so easy -- why not try it?

I should stress that with Google, and with most of the other searchable resources on the Internet, fortune favors the ingenious. Try to put search criteria in order of importance: if you want something on "Polish Boy Scouts," searching for those terms in that order may produce better results than searching for "Boy Scouts Polish." But what the hell, try both! Try any combination of words that might apply.

The second site I highly recommend is Snopes at http://snopes.com/. 90% of the viruses, rumors, and other moronic glop people flood ours computer with can be checked here and exposed for the toxic waste it is. Before you send out that note you were planning to pass on to everyone you know, take a minute to stop by Snopes (or a similar page) and check your facts. Snopes is especially helpful with rumors and urban legends. It's also good for many virus scares; or you can search Google for the name of the ghastly virus from hell that's supposedly going to eat your hard drive. We'll all thank you for doing your bit to stem the tide of bull funky that is engulfing the Internet.

Then all we'll have to do is track down the morons who keep promiscuously opening attachments and thereby spreading viruses. But one step at a time ....

* GENEALOGY IN GENERAL, POLISH IN PARTICULAR *

There are many good sites on genealogy in general, and some that are especially good for Polish research in particular. I hope you'll forgive me if I state the obvious: if you're reading this you ought to be checking regularly for good material on the PolishRoots(R) site:

   http://polishroots.org/

For those just starting genealogical research, there's an enormity of help on the FamilySearch Website, the online site for the LDS Family History Library:

   http://www.familysearch.org/

The sites maintained by Stephen Morse (including the One-Step interface to the Ellis Island Database) are valuable tools for all genealogists in North America:

   http://home.pacbell.net/spmorse/

Cyndi's List is a pretty reliable source for checking what's available on any given subject. You can usually start with what she provides, and then work on from there.

   http://www.cyndislist.com

For Polish genealogy in particular I often visit various sites, including PolandGenWeb:

   http://www.rootsweb.com/~polwgw/polandgen.html

The Poland Max Page also has some excellent resources:

   http://www.maxpages.com/poland

Not for the beginner, but well worth taking some time to study, is the site of the Polish State Archives:

  http://www.archiwa.gov.pl/index.eng.html

Once you start to master its complexities, it can let you determine what records exist for where within minutes, without leaving your desk. This is never the whole story, of course -- but a timely visit to this site may save you months of delay and frustration!

And there are always the sites of the individual Polish Genealogical Societies, some of which are:

   PGS-America -- http://www.pgsa.org
   PGS-California -- http://www.pgsca.org
   PGS-Connecticut & the Northeast -- http://www.pgsctne.org
   PGS-Michigan -- http://www.pgsm.org
   PGS-Minnesota -- http://www.rootsweb.com/~mnpolgs/pgs-mn.html
   PGS-New York State -- http://www.pgsnys.org
   PGS-Texas -- http://www.pgst.org

(There are more -- if I overlooked yours, please forgive me and let me hear about it!)

* FINDING INFO ON PERSONAL NAMES *

The info you find online on specific names of people may or may not be relevant to your research. Odds are you won't look up a name and luck into a complete family tree. Still, it's always worth looking! Here are some sources I find useful.

Not everyone would check the Online "Slownik nazwisk" [Surname Dictionary] every day, as I do; but plenty find it worth a look:

   http://www.herby.com.pl/herby/indexslo.html

Some people refer to this as "Rymut," after the name of the Polish name expert who edited the original 10-volume books. This site is in Polish; if you need help understanding how to use it, you can read my article The "Slownik nazwisk" Is Online!" in the August issue of the free e-zine _Gen Dobry!_ at this site:

   http://www.polishroots.com/gendobry/GenDobry_vol3_no8.htm

A source that can help a lot with surnames (especially Jewish names, but worth a visit for anyone) is the Consolidated Surname Index:

   http://www.avotaynu.com/csi/csi-home.html

Another site of particular use for Jewish researchers is the Jewish Gen Family Finder:

   http://www.jewishgen.org/jgff/

I haven't come across many sites with info on German names, but this German-language site appears to offer some help along these lines:

   http://www.gfds.de/namen2.html

Apparently one may send a note asking for an explanation of a name to: <sekr@gfds.de>. I get the impression requests may be in English, but I can't promise that's true. If you have tried this source, I'd love to hear about the results.

You wouldn't believe how I often I check my surname Site on PolishRoots, to see if I've already posted info on a specific name. You might find it worth a look, too:

   http://polishroots.org/surnames/surnames_index.htm

If a surname strikes me as rare and I want to see if there might be mention of it in any of a number of sources, I try a search through the Surname Navigator:

   http://www.rat.de/kuijsten/navigator/

For given names, there are a number of good sites online. I find myself checking frequently here for quick info on Polish and Ukrainian first names, as well as feast days of the Roman Calendar:

   http://www.rootsweb.com/~polwgw/namelist.html#polish

For help with Jewish Given Names, this site can be useful:

   http://www.jewishgen.org/databases/GivenNames/search.htm

* FINDING PLACES IN POLAND *

The list of Internet sites that can help you find places in Poland is large and growing. Particularly valuable, because it allows search by the Daitch-Mokotoff Soundex and thus lets you compensate for spelling variations, is the ShtetlSeeker:

   http://www.jewishgen.org/ShtetlSeeker/loctown.htm

A good site for places in Poland, if you know the right name, is the Pilot site:

   http://www.pilot.pl/

For place names, German or Polish, of localities formerly in the German partition, this site can be priceless:

   http://www.kartenmeister.com/

Often it proves handy to be able to track down parish addresses, and there's an excellent page on the PolandGenWeb site, "Finding Parish Addresses," that takes you through the process, one step at a time:

   http://www.rootsweb.com/~polwgw/parish.html

One of the sites with links on that page is the page for the Dioceses of Poland, which can be accessed directly at this address:

  http://www.opoka.org.pl/struktury_kosciola/diecezje/

I have found many a village, parish, and address by using the Teleadreson site:

   http://www.teleadreson.com.pl/cgi-bin/ta32.exe

But I must be honest: I first heard of it, and learned how to use it, from the "Finding Parish Addresses" page mentioned above.

As time goes by I am gradually accumulating sites that provide info on specific regions of Poland. For some reason I've had particular luck finding sites that deal with the region of Kaszuby, in northwestern and northcentral Poland. Here are some of the sites that deal with this region:

    http://feefhs.org/kana/frg-kana.html

    http://www.Kashuba.Org/

    http://www.ka-na.org

    http://www.kaszuby.pl [in Polish]

    http://www.pgsa.org/kashub.htm

    http://pgsa.org/kaszuby.htm

I've also come across a number of good sites that offer assistance with Galicia and/or the territory of modern Ukraine:

    http://www.halgal.com/

    http://www.carpatho-rusyn.org/

    http://www.infoukes.com

    http://www.lemko.org/

    http://www.mtu-net.ru/rrr/ukraine.htm

    http://www.rootsweb.com/~ukrwgw/

* FINDING PEOPLE IN POLAND OR LITHUANIA *

A source of frustration for many beginning researchers is the difficulty in getting addresses of persons in Poland. Most folks seem firmly convinced there's an online phone directory where they can look up anyone they please. Uh, sorry, guess again! Polish privacy laws represent a rather large stumbling-block to any such plans. Even the paper phone books within the country of Poland are not comprehensive, as there are plenty of Poles who gave up long ago waiting to have a "normal" phone installed -- many just use cell phones. So even if there were a Polish equivalent of Switchboard.com, it would be woefully incomplete at best.

There is one online Polish phone directory worth a look:

   http://tel.portal.pl/asp/szukaj_a.asp

But it's in Polish, and it won't let you "go fishing": it requires that you specific a surname AND locality. You can't just look for Jan Kowalski, you have to say what town or village he's in. That makes it far less valuable for our purposes. Still, it might be worth a try if you do have a surname and a place name.

By the way, I've mentioned this directory before, and said you have to input Polish characters correctly to use it. Robert Kruszynski <robbok1@aol.com> was kind enough to correct me. You can use * after a letter to simulate the accent or other diacritical mark. So you don't have to know how to input the L with a slash; you can key in L* and it will work just as well. (Note that z* simulates the dotted z, and z** the accented one.)

The Teleadreson site I mentioned earlier can be helpful in finding an individual, if he is listed in an official capacity as a manager, employee or contact person of a company or other institution (including parishes).

   http://www.teleadreson.com.pl/cgi-bin/ta32.exe

You can enter a name in the box marked "Tekst," use the parameters given there to limit the list to a specific province, then "Szukaj" (Search). You may find something worthwhile!

For those with roots in Lithuania, there is an online phone directory at this site:

   http://telefonai.takas.lt/

You can click on the British flag to get the English version.

* CONCLUSION *

Well, I intended to write a short list, and it's gotten rather long. Of course, I certainly don't visit all these sites every day, or even every week. But they're all places I have pigeonholed in my little "look-up file." I find them helpful; maybe you will, too. At the worst, if this serves no other purpose, you may almost be grateful to get an e-mail that doesn't offer to empty your bank account or enlarge your organs. That's what seems to fill my online mailbox these days -- and why would I want bigger breasts?

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*** LETTERS TO THE EDITOR ***

Subject: Asian features

[In the last issue of _Gen Dobry!_, Francis A. Przygoda <FAPHOBOKEN@aol.com> wondered, where are all the Poles with Asiatic features? This note came in response to his question]:

The lack of typical Asian facial features indicating such ancestry in present-day Poland is understandable for good reasons. The first is that the settling of these Tartar or Mongolian invaders in Polish territories when they ran out of steam occurred several centuries ago, and there has been a good deal of intermarriage and assimilation since. The second reason is that most of these invaders settled in the so-called borderlands of pre-partition Poland, where some retained their Muslim religion and cultures, including the building of mosques, at least up until World War II. These Tartar communities are now mostly in Belarus and of course are not to be seen in present-day Poland.

My grandmother was a Czerkas, a well-known Tartar surname. Polish court records show that an ennobled and catholic Antoni Tembruk Czerkas married a noble Susanna Poniatowski, a relative of the last Polish king, in the 18th century. In 1929 Stanislaw Dziadulewicz compiled the _Armorial of Tartar Families in Poland_ (_Herbarz rodzin tatarskich w Polsce_) which indicates a definite Tartar influence in Poland. Jan Bystron devotes a chapter to surnames of Tartar origin in his book titled _Polish Surnames_ (_Nazwiska Polskie_). I can also personally attest to the short legs and lack of facial hair on the cheeks, presumably through my grandmother.

   Henry Bieniecki <Hkbien@aol.com>

-----

Subject: Are You Really What You Speak?

I read with interest your article on "Am I Ukrainian or Polish" and noted that you generally hold to the rule that "you are what you speak," meaning if your family spoke Polish then you are Polish.

I am a 4th-generation American of Polish descent on my mother's side -- the Holubeskos immigrated to the United States from Husiatyn in present day Ukraine in 1910, and the Kuznarowiczs sometime in the late 19th century. I am still tracking a Jan Kuznarowicz born 1870 to determine where in Poland he came from and what year he came to the U.S.

In any case, I am writing with regard to the "you are what you speak." My wife is a first-generation American born in present-day Ukraine. Her predominant language is Russian (althought she also does know Ukrainian) and she and most of her siblings speak Russian among themselves, while her parents speak a mixture of Russian and Ukrainian common in central and Eastern Ukraine and known as "surzhik." Based on the "you are what you speak rule," my wife, born in Ukraine, is Russian; I think she would take offense at this, as she considers herself (as do her brothers and sisters) Ukrainian. Her old Soviet passport lists her nationality as Ukrainian.

The tough part now comes with raising our daughter, who speaks fluent Russian and no Ukrainian; Russian, being the more international language, seemed to be the more practical one for her to learn.

So, the answer to the question remains complex.

   Kenneth C. Duckworth <kenneth_duckworth@hotmail.com>

   [Editor's reply: I agree. I would add, however, that I presented "You are what you speak" as a generalization that may assist people who don't know what their family's ethnic identity was, and are trying to figure it out. It often proves true -- but there will inevitably be many, many exceptions.
   You may have noticed, that "rule" was only one of three practical questions I raise in trying to determine ethnic identity. Religion, and the forms of the given names used within the family, are also important clues in trying to figure out what ethnic identity a given family embraced. If you take language, religion, and names into consideration, you will come up with the right answer, more often than not.
   I'm sorry if it seemed I was oversimplifying a complex subject. What works for me, however, is first to establish basic rules that apply, say, 90% of the time. Then you can start chipping away at that 10% that requires more careful attention.]

-----

Subject: Kartenmeister.com Needs Updating

> You have recommended using www.kartenmeister.com for
> locating family villages. As I did use the website
> the other day, I noticed that the website is giving
> the old wojewodztwo locations for my towns. For example,
> Soldau/Dzialdowo has Ciechanowskie listed as the province,
> while it actually is Warminsko-mazurskie. Klecko/Kletzko
>has poznanskie for the province when it is really in
> Wielkopolskie province. The website is not updated.

   Armela Hammes <armelahammes@att.net>

   [Editor's Reply: Yes, it would be nice if the owner could update it. However, that would probably be a pretty big task; and he provides the basic info for free. So I'm hesitant to demand too much from him.
   Besides, if I can find what province a place was in 1975-1998, I usually have little trouble establishing which province it's in now. A lot of the readily available sources of info still use those old provinces.
   Still, perhaps those of us who use that site should mention this to the Webmaster, in hopes he could find a way to update the site that wouldn't be too difficult. No question, it would improve a site that's already pretty good.]

-----

Subject: Immigrants sponsored by the Eire Railroad

An Agent from the Erie Railroad (di Pino [sic]) who represented the railroad interests as well as the mines in Pennsylvania, was dispatched to Gniezno, Poland, in the early 1880s to hire the young farm boys to work in the mines. As terms of employment, their passage was paid to Blossburg, Tioga County, Pennsylvania.

I would suspect the reason Wojciech, John, Joseph, Marcianna, Frances, and Stella Przygoda -- as well as Frank Pawlak, great-grandfather Walenty Witucki, brother Pietro Witucki, etc., etc. -- are not on the Ellis Island list of immigrants is because their passage was paid, and they were sponsored, by the Eire Railroad. Perhaps the Tioga County contingent of immigrants show up on the records of the Erie Railroad.  I am not sure as to how the women were factored in, but there may have been a family group rate.

Would you have any knowledge of this situation?  There are so many Polish immigrants coming to work in the mines who are not accounted for in the Ellis Island records.

   Francis A. Przygoda, faphoboken@aol.com

   [Editor's Reply -- Fascinating question! I don't know anything about it, but I ran this by PolishRoots' Vice President Paul S. Valasek, and he suggested checking the ports of Baltimore and Philadelphia, as many Poles connected with the railroads came in through those ports. Not a bad bit of practical advice. And I'm printing your note here so we can tap the vast pool of our readers' experience for more good suggestions.]

-----

Subject: Valuable Input from Readers!

In the last issue of _Gen Dobry!_, I ran a listing of members from the Black Sheep Athletic Association's 1938 annual Valentine's Day dance at the Lithuanian Hall on the South Side of Pittsburgh. I asked our readers for more information.

PolishRoots would like to thank Bernice & Andy Broniecki for taking the time to drive down to the hall and take some photos for our Website and its users. This is what is possible if all of us become more involved and contribute whatever one is able to. We all have material which could be used on PolishRoots -- please consider sharing what treasured memories your family holds.

To see the Bronieckis' contribution to the page, please take a look at:

   http://www.polishroots.org/databases/pittsburgh_blacksheep.htm.

Also, visit the link they provided for more Pittsburgh History at:

   http://136.142.162.69/hswp/

   Paul Valasek, Paval56@aol.com
   Vice-president

   [Editor's Reply -- Amen to every word!]

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*** TRANSLATIONS AT REASONABLE PRICES ****

[Editor's Note -- Bernie Sadowski <SadowskiB@aol.com> posted this note on the Poland-Roots list. Obviously PolishRoots(R) can't vouch for translators or accept advertising from them. But if someone has run across a good translator or researcher and wishes to spread the word, we are willing to repeat the info -- and let the buyer beware!]

Friends,

I know that many of us use the talents of our LISTERs for small, spontaneous  translations, however, many of us need whole letters translated and documents interpreted.

I have used the talents of Anna D. who is able to work both sides of the English/Polish language. She is studying in Montana and trying to earn extra monies as a translator.

I was very, very pleased with the letters Anna did for me. Prompt. Courteous. Reasonable fee. I am just passing along my personal recommendation to this marvelous LIST:

   annadobrowolska1@wp.pl

Bernie Sadowski

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*** ONLINE LIST OF OLD POLISH PERIODICALS ***

   [Editor's Note -- PolishRoots' Vice President Paul S. Valasek sent me this note, explaining that a request had been received for info on a Polish newspaper, _Lwowska Chwila_. He asked PolishRoots' contact in Warsaw, Michalina Byra, and here's what she came up with:]

There is an online union catalog of old Polish periodicals covering the period 1800- 1950 (but every title should also be checked in the traditional card catalog ) with holding libraries listed in it. One should take the following steps:

- first connect with our website URL: www.bn.org.pl
- then click on "MAK databases"
- then click on "7" (on the left)
- then on "tytul" (title)
- then write the title and click on "szukaj" (search)
- then click on the appropriate title (Chwila Lwow)
- the last line SIGLUM gives the holdings
- click on the library code to see the address of this library

Queries concerning Polish periodicals (1800-1950) held by libraries in Poland can be sent to: <bnzkcent@bn.org.pl>.

[If you have any questions, or some other matter you would like Michalina to take a look at, send your request to Paul at Paval56@aol.com, and he'll forward it].

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*** UPCOMING EVENTS ***

March 13, 2003

FOX VALLEY GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY

Naperville, Illinois

7:30 p.m.

Paul S. Valasek will be the featured speaker at the March 13 meeting of the Fox Valley Genealogical Society. He will speak on "Emigration -- Steamships and Ports, 1890-1950." A slide presentation detailing the many ports, ships, and memorabilia associated with our ancestor's "Voyage of a Lifetime." Discussion is for all ethnic groups leaving Europe for North  America. Sponsored by the Fox Valley Genelogical Society, Naperville, IL.

For more info, contact: fvgs1@aol.com

-----

March 15, 2003

Polish Genealogical Society of Michigan Meeting

"How Your Grandparents Might Have Lived..."

Canton Public Library
1200 S. Canton Center Rd.
Canton, MI
(734) 397-0999
2-4 p.m.

A presentation by Dr. Keely Stauter-Halsted, author of  "The Nation in the Village, 1848-1914" Dr. Stauter-Halsted, a European History professor at Michigan State University, might be called an expert on Polish peasants! She'll tell all about life in a turn-of-the-century Galician Polish village. For contact information visit the PGS-Michigan Website at http://www.pgsm.org.

-----

March 22, 2003

Polish Genealogical Society of California Meeting

LA-FHC, 10741 Santa Monica Blvd, Los Angeles, CA

9:30-11:30 a.m. research assistance
1:00 p.m. Class
2:30 p.m. general Meeting

For contact info visit the Website: http://www.pgsca.org

-----

March 22, 2003

NATIONAL GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY

One-Day Regional Conference

New Brunswick, New Jersey

[Edward L. Rosenbaum <erosenbaum@yahoo.com>, President, JGS of Bergen County, NJ, posted a note on the JewishGen Bulletin Board offering more information on this conference at this site: http://erosenbaum.netfirms.com/jgsbc/new_brunswick.pdf.]

The Hyatt Regency, New Brunswick
Two Albany Street
New Brunswick, NJ 08901

-----

April 24-26, 2003

Ohio Genealogical Society 2003 Conference
"Ohio: 200 Years of Heritage"

Columbus, OH

For More Information: http://www.ogs.org/

-----

May 28-31, 2003

National Genealogical Society - 2003 Conference in the States

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

More details to follow

-----

July 7-10, 2003

The Illinois State Genealogical Society Announces

THE 9TH ANNUAL GENEALOGICAL INSTITUTE OF MIDAMERICA

Springfield, Illinois

University of Illinois, Springfield Campus

The Genealogical Institute of Mid America (GIMA) is a four-day intensive educational experience.  Students choose one of four courses to attend for the 4 days.  Instructors are nationally known lecturers who have spoken at local, state and national genealogical conferences. 

Courses are taught in a relaxed atmosphere.  Be a part of a Midwest tradition, where genealogical instruction is presented in a relaxed atmosphere, a small informal setting where camaraderie among attendees and instructors make for a unique educational experience.

To be added to the mailing list for further information, please send your mailing address to Susan Kaufman-Tavenner, GIMA Chairperson at: kaufmansusan@juno.com -- please put "GIMA" in the subject line. Information can also be found at the ISGS web site, http://www.rootsweb.com/~ilsgs/index.html.

Or write: ISGS-GIMA03, PO Box 10195, Springfield, IL 62791-0195

-----

July 20-25, 2003

IAJGS 23rd International Conference ­ DC

J.W. Marriott, Pennsylvania Ave., NW

More details to be announced later

-----

September 5-6, 2003

St. Louis Polish Festival

Behind Falcon Hall - 20th and St. Louis Avenue

St. Louis, MO

Music, crafts, games and authentic Polish food and pastries.

For more Information: 314-421-9614

-----

November 6-9, 2003

New England Regional Genealogical Conference

Sea Crest Resort, North Falmouth, MA

New England-America's Melting Pot

For more details: http://www.rootsweb.com/~manergc 

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*** MORE USEFUL WEB ADDRESSES ***

http://historykpress.com/whatsnew.htm
   Historyk Press, specializing in works on the Polish community in and near Baltimore, Maryland, has announced the publication of _Portraits on Stone: St. Stanislaus Cemetery_. For more information or to order please see our website at the address above.
______________________________

http://www.lemko.org/genealogy/krasovskiy/
   On the Galicia mailing list Laurence Krupnak <Lkrupnak@erols.com> gave this address for the "Lemko surnames book." As the Website explains, this is the contents of a book listing the surnames of Lemkos living in villages in Galicia in the 18th century. If you have roots in the area, this site may provide some very useful information confirming what villages your ancestors lived in, and also give some insights into how their names were spelled in Ukrainian and Polish.  
______________________________

http://www.lomza.pl/index.php?wiad=82

   Michal Marciniak <marciniak_m@yahoo.com> posted this address on the Poland-Roots-L mailing list as one of several with beautiful photos of the Lomza region. These are the other addresses he listed:

   http://4lomza.pl/fotogaleria/index.php?co=folga

   http://4lomza.pl/fotogaleria/index.php?co=gabor

   http://4lomza.pl/fotogaleria/index.php?co=truskawa
______________________________

http://www.infoplease.com/1000to2000.html
   On the PolandBorderSurnames list, Tina Ellis <vellis@jps.net> cited this Website as one detailing conflicts throughout history. In case you missed her notes on conflicts in which Poland was involved, directly or indirectly, here is the list she and others came up with:

   1941-45   World War II on the Russian Front
   1939-41   World War II in the Balkans
   1919-20   Russo-Polish War
   1918-20   Lithuanian War of Independence
   1918-20   The Poland Ukraine War
  1915-18   World War I in the Balkans
   1913      Second Balkan War
   1912-13   First Balkan War
   1863-64   Polish Rebellion
   1830-31   Polish Rebellion
   1803-15   Napoleonic Wars
   1794      Polish Rebellion
   1768-73   Polish Civil War
   1733-38   War of the Polish Succession
   1715-17   Polish Rebellion
   1683-99   Polish-Turkish War
   1671-77   Polish-Turkish War
   1665-67   Lubomirski's Rebellion
   1658-67   Russo-Polish War
   1654-56   Russo-Polish War
   1648-54   The Poland-Cossack Wars
   1632-34   Russo-Polish War
   1617-29   Second Polish-Swedish War for Livonia
   1614-21   Polish-Turkish War
   1609-18   Russo-Polish War
   1606-07   Polish Rebellion
   1600-11   First Polish-Swedish War for Livonia
   1573-74   Polish Civil War
   1534-37   Russo-Polish War
   1512-21   Russo-Polish War
   1506-08   Russo-Polish War
   1499-1503 Russo-Polish War
   1484-1504 Polish-Turkish War
   1454-66   Thirteen Years' War (Teutonic Knights' War with Poland)
   1438-39   Polish-Bohemian War
   1410-11   Teutonic Knights' War with Poland and Lithuania
   1382-84   Polish Civil War
   1309-43   Teutonic Knights' War with Poland
   1305-12   Polish-Bohemian War
   1019-25   Russo-Polish War

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http://salwatorianie.pl/parafie/
   On the PolandBorderSurnames-L list Jan Cesarczyk <jan_cesarczyk@yahoo.co.uk> suggested checking this Website with Web pages and e-mail addresses for Polish parishes. She added, "It says that there are currently about 10,000 parishes in Poland, of which 1,400 have there own webpages. It appears that this list is constantly updated, so its worth checking back in the future."
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http://www.lemko.org/lih/olszansk.html
   On the Galicia mailing list <galicia@topica.com> Laurence Krupnak <Lkrupnak@erols.com> gave this site for information on Akcja Wisla (Operation Vistula), "a 1947 Polish military operation carried out solely by Polish military and Polish security units to resettle all remaining Rusyns that resided in southeastern Poland and in the Chel~m region."  He also gave these addresses for more info on the same subject, which can be of great importance for Rusyns, Carpatho-Rusyns, Galicians, and people forced to relocate to what is now western Poland:  

   http://www.lemko.org/general.html

   http://www.pcs.ca/pages/ulucz/akcja_wisla.htm
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http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/nowy_sacz
   On that same list Debbie <seraph@dc.rr.com> gave this address as the site for her Nowy Sacz ShtetLink. "The emphasis is the Jewish aspect of the town, but all Nowy Sacz researchers should find something of interest."
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http://www.krakow.pl/biznes/potencjal/rocznik_1887/
   Also on the Galicia list <galicia @topica.com> Jan Cesarczyk <jan_cesarczyk@yahoo.co.uk> gave this as the address of a site providing "access to a lot of statistics for the city of Krakow published in 1887. Amongst other things it gives a breakdown of population by age, place of birth, citizenship & religion. It also gives street by street information, e. g., on the main square (Rynek Glowny) there were 49 inhabited houses with 273 families & 1786 inhabitants. The information is mainly based on the census of 1880. It also mentions censuses in 1857 & 1869."
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http://travlang.com/languages/
   On the Lithuania list <Lithuania-L@rootsweb.com>, Diane < DianeRoone@aol.com> suggested visiting this site for "several pages of English/Lithuanian phrases with both spelling and sound files."
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http://www.mpl.org/File/hum_ww1_index.htm
   Paul S. Valasek <Paval56@aol.com> happened across this site that might interest those with Wisconsin connections.

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